3D Printing
News Videos Newsletter Contact us
Home / 3D Printing Metal / Cold Metal Fusion: What is it?
qidi

Cold Metal Fusion: What is it?

August 7, 2020

In this post we will be looking at the Cold Metal Fusion (CMF) AM method, and we will be answering that exact question. What is it?

Cold Metal Fusion is a powder-based indirect metal printing process developed by Germany-based company Headmade Materials. This company was recently in the news because they completed a €1.9 million funding round.

The technology promises to allow those with polymer laser sintering machines to move over to the metal-side. Just to be clear, they are developing materials, and not printers (at least not yet).

But wait… how can it be “sinter-based” and “cold” at the same time? You need heat for sintering, right? Yes.

Cold Metal Fusion process
The process (Image Credit: Headmade Materials)

Looking at the process diagram below, the Headmade Materials feedstock is metal on the inside and is coated with a polymer binder.

The part begins as a CAD file, and goes through a slicer to slice the model into layers to be printed in the sintering machine. You can see one layer in the image below.

sintered layer cold metal fusion
A sintered layer (Image Credit: Headmade Materials)

The printing occurs under 80 degrees Celcius, which is achieved with the power range of low powered plastic sintering systems. So that is why it is named “cold”.

As with a normal SLS system, the wiper deposits a fresh layer of unsintered powder over the previous built layer, the laser sinters it, and it all repeats until the part is complete.

Because the metal particles are not exposed to any air (being protected in a polymer) there is no oxidation of the metal. Additionally, due to the “cold” process, there is no heat impact on the unused powders, so it is apparently very easy to simply reuse old surplus powder.

And being an SLS based, it requires zero support structure too (according to the website), which is nice. All in all, it seems like a fairly efficient process.

But wait… the process is not complete.

Post Processing

After the “green” part is removed from the printer, it is de-powdered and sent for any post-processing such as milling or drilling, as the green part with binder is still strong enough to work on.

Depowdering cold metal fusion
Depowdering (Image Credit: Headmade Materials)

After the post-processing, the green part is sent for debinding, in which the sintered (and soluble) plastic is dissolved from the metal structure, leaving the so-called “brown part” ready for the final step: actual metal sintering.

And for this step you need a furnace capable of reaching metal sintering temperatures.

The metals on offer by the company at the moment are stainless steel 316L, cobalt-chrome, titanium Ti6Al4V and tungsten. Several others are under development, including copper, tool steel, and an unnamed superalloy.

The furnace heats the brown parts, and burns any remaining binder from the part. Eventually, the remaining metal particles are sintered and the full metal part emerges from the furnace, as you can see below.

Cold Metal Fusion Print
That impellor model that people always print (Image Credit: Headmade Materials)

The company website claims that this system is the “lowest investment cost of all metal 3D printing processes for series production”, and by “series” they claim that the system is good for production runs of up to 100,000 parts.

What happens after 100,000 parts is not mentioned on the site, but it’s more likely to be a question of economics. Customers may wish to switch to another manufacturing method with numbers above that.

But still, producing 100k units of something and being more economical than MIM/high pressure casting at that level is not bad going, economically speaking.

We will watch their development with interest, while asking ourselves if anything that requires metal sintering temperatures as the primary mechanism for metal fusion can truly be referred to as a “cold” process.

Related Story
Metal 3D Printing: An Overview of the Most Common Types
Share:
WhatsApp Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Buffer Reddit E-mail
About the author | Phillip Keane
Phillip is an aerospace engineer from UK. He is a graduate of Coventry University (UK), International Space University (France) and Nanyang Technological University (Singapore), where he studied Advanced Manufacturing at the Singapore Centre for 3D Printing.
Join our newsletter

Our newsletter is free & you can unsubscribe any time.

Latest posts

Laser-Assisted Cold Spray Technology Enhances Material Deposition Process

Researchers at the University of Cambridge's Center for Industrial Photonics have developed a new additive manufacturing technique called laser-assisted cold spray (LACS). The... read more »

3D Printing Metal
Laser-Assisted Cold Spray Technology Enhances Material Deposition Process

Titomic Netherlands Secures Strategic Funding to Advance Cold Spray 3D Printing Technology

Titomic Limited, an Australian company specializing in cold spray additive manufacturing, has received €800,000 in funding from the Netherlands' 3D Print Kompas program.... read more »

3D Printing Metal
Titomic Netherlands Secures Strategic Funding to Advance Cold Spray 3D Printing Technology

3D-Printed Insects Help Scientists Map the Limits of Mimicry in Nature

Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a method to 3D print life-sized, color-accurate insect models for biological research. The team, led... read more »

Environmental

University of Hong Kong Scientists Explore Growing Organs with 3D Printing Technology

Researchers at the University of Hong Kong (HKU) are working to combine 3D-printed respiratory tissue with lab-grown organoids to create functional airways for... read more »

Bioprinting
University of Hong Kong Scientists Explore Growing Organs with 3D Printing Technology

SHINING 3D Unveils EinScan Rigil with Tri-Mode Scanning for Pro-sumer Flexibility

SHINING 3D has launched its newest flagship 3D scanner, the EinScan Rigil — touted as the world’s first 3D scanner featuring Tri-Mode operation... read more »

News
SHINING 3D Unveils EinScan Rigil with Tri-Mode Scanning for Pro-Level Flexibility

ETH Zurich 3D Prints Recycled Plastic Structure for Swiss Ice Cream Shop

ETH Zurich students have completed a 3D-printed ice cream shop in the Swiss Alpine village of Mulegns. The project, called Gelateria, was designed... read more »

Construction
ETH Zurich 3D Prints Recycled Plastic Structure for Swiss Ice Cream Shop

Hugo Launches 3D Printed Loafers with Zellerfeld

Hugo, the younger brand under Hugo Boss, has partnered with 3D printing company Zellerfeld to create a fully 3D-printed loafer. The shoe is... read more »

Fashion
Hugo Launches 3D Printed Loafers with Zellerfeld

3D Printed Resin Combines Rubber Flexibility with Plastic Strength, Surprising Scientists

Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a 3D printing method that can create objects with both soft and hard... read more »

News
3D Printed Resin Combines Rubber Flexibility with Plastic Strength, Surprising Scientists

LPE Supports Queen’s Propulsion Laboratory with 3D Printed Rocket Engine Chamber

Students at Queen's University Belfast have developed what they describe as Ireland's first student-built liquid rocket engine. The Kelvin Mk.1, named after Belfast-born... read more »

3D Printing Metal
LPE Supports Queen’s Propulsion Laboratory with 3D Printed Rocket Engine Chamber

Social

  • Facebook Facebook 3D Printing
  • Linkedin Linkedin 3D Printing
Join our newsletter

Our newsletter is free & you can unsubscribe any time.

Featured Industries

  • Automotive
  • Aerospace
  • Construction
  • Dental
  • Environmental
  • Electronics
  • Fashion
  • Medical
  • Military
  • Snapmaker Artisan Premium 3-in-1

    • - Print size: 400 x 400 x 400 mm
    • - comes with enclosure
    More details »
    $2,999.00 Snapmaker
    Buy Now
  • QIDI Plus4

    • - Print size: 305 x 305 x 280 mm
    • - print temperature of 370°C
    More details »
    $799.00 QIDI Store
    Buy Now
  • QIDI Tech Q1 Pro

    • - Print size: 245 x 245 x 245 mm
    • - 600mm/s max speed
    More details »
    $449.00 QIDI Store
    Buy Now
  • QIDI Tech X-Max 3

    • - Print size: 325 x 325 x 315 mm
    • - fully enclosed
    More details »
    $799.00 QIDI Store
    Buy Now

Company Information

  • What is 3D Printing?
  • Contact us
  • Join our mailing list
  • Advertise with us
  • Media Kit
  • Nederland 3D Printing

Blog

  • Latest News
  • Use Cases
  • Reviews
  • 3D Printers
  • 3D Printing Metal

Featured Reviews

  • Anycubic Photon Mono M5s
  • Creality Ender 5 S1
  • The Mole 3D Scanner
  • Flashforge Creator 3 Pro

Featured Industries

  • Automotive
  • Aerospace
  • Construction
  • Dental
  • Environmental
  • Electronics
  • Medical
  • Military
  • Fashion
  • Art
2025 — Strikwerda en Dehue
  • Home
  • Join our mailing list
  • Contact us
Blog
  • Latest News
  • Use Cases
  • Reviews
  • 3D Printers
  • 3D Printing Metal
Featured Industries
  • Automotive
  • Aerospace
  • Construction
  • Dental
  • Environmental
  • Electronics
  • Medical
  • Military
  • Fashion
  • Art
Company Information
  • What is 3D Printing?
  • Contact us
  • Join our mailing list
  • Advertise with us
  • Media Kit
  • Nederland 3D Printing