Researchers from the University of Queensland have showcased a novel 4D printing technology, potentially ushering in a new era for soft robotics. Their new approach leverages liquid metal polymers, responsive to infrared lasers, enabling the production of durable 4D structures with remarkable capabilities.
Dr. Liwen Zhang and Dr. Ruirui Qiao, lead researchers at UQ’s Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, detailed their unique preparation method in a Nature Communications paper. Spherical liquid metal nanoparticles were used to craft printing resins sensitive to near-infrared light, facilitating precise control over bending, grabbing, and releasing items through laser guidance.
“4D printing takes traditional 3D printing and adds a new dimension – the dimension of time,” said Zhang.
“This is a new era for robotics applications and a gamechanger for additive manufacturing.”
The versatility of this technology has been demonstrated by their 4D printed designs that can bend, grasp, lift, and revert to pre-programmed shapes, surpassing their weight limits. Notably, the method eliminates the need for traditional wiring or circuits, providing engineers with the ability to shape smart liquid metals over time.
“The early signs for this technology are incredibly promising, and the wide range of potential applications give us encouragement to continue our research,” added Qiao.
The matured technology could find use in fields such as soft robotics, aeronautical engineering, medical device manufacturing, climate-reactive clothing and adaptable building materials. This could hint at a future where customization and post-printing shaping redefine manufacturing.
You can read the full research paper, titled “3D-printed liquid metal polymer composites as NIR-responsive 4D printing soft robots” in Nature Communications, at this link.
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