Researchers at the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) have developed new 3D-printed scaffolds designed to improve bone healing through enhanced blood vessel formation. The study, published in Biomaterials Advances Journal, combines polylactic acid with calcium phosphate-based glass to create structures that support vascularization during bone regeneration.
The team, led by senior researcher Oscar Castaño, used 3D printing technology to create scaffolds with precise control over geometry, porosity, and surface characteristics. These structures are designed to mimic natural bone composition, featuring both organic and inorganic components while maintaining the necessary porosity for nutrient transport and cell infiltration.
Laboratory testing demonstrated that the scaffolds successfully supported human mesenchymal stem cell growth and promoted the production of vascular endothelial growth factor. The structures maintained physiological calcium ion release levels, which plays an important role in supporting blood vessel formation.
In vivo testing using a subcutaneous mouse model showed positive results within one week of implantation. The scaffolds exhibited successful integration with surrounding tissue and demonstrated increased vessel maturation after four weeks. Researchers observed that blood vessel walls became thicker and more stable over time, indicating sustainable vascularization.
The new approach addresses common complications associated with traditional bone grafting methods, particularly those related to inadequate vascular supply. By combining 3D printing technology with bioactive materials, the scaffolds support both blood vessel formation and bone tissue development, potentially offering improved outcomes for bone healing procedures.
Source: eurekalert.org